| https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1986466 | 2023 | (June 2023) This report provides a comprehensive review of existing literature on advanced reactor cost estimations in the form of a ‘meta-study’. Over 30 references were evaluated and considered as part of this effort. The information is then distilled into different tiers, each with varying levels of detail and granularity. The recommendations consist of low/medium/high estimates for capital and operating costs that can be adjusted using various correction factors (based on learning, numbers of plants per site, etc.). In addition, reference breakdown in costs based on a code of account structure is provided for the main four types of advanced reactors.
| Literature Review of Advanced Reactor Cost Estimates |
| https://www.osti.gov/biblio/2007008 | 2023 | (August 2023) A multi-tiered cost analysis is performed to estimate full costs of a nuclear power plant (NPP) based on sodium-cooled fast reactor (SFR) technology. To address the lack of fully transparent cost estimations from past undertakings for NPPs, we have developed a detailed and first-principles-based cost estimate for a generalized SFR NPP. Our intent is to achieve a high degree of transparency with our cost assumptions and develop a cost model that is flexible and easily extendable to variations in NPP design and other nuclear reactor types. Furthermore, we strive to achieve a clear organization of costs and complete identification of key cost drivers based on first principles. To this end, the cost results of our analysis as given in Table 24 and Table 25 are organized and categorized into a code of accounts (COA) under development at Idaho National Laboratory (INL). Varying degrees of first-principles methods are employed, such as design for manufacture and assembly® (DFMA®), to elucidate costs in all process levels of the plant equipment, buildings and site structures, personnel, and other miscellaneous but significant cost elements. These approaches have been successfully applied in past cost analysis projects and are designed to enable rapid and flexible cost estimation.
| First-Principles Cost Estimation of a Sodium Fast Reactor Nuclear Plant |
| https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1890160/ | 2022 | (September 2022) This report discusses the different options for coupling thermal energy storage (TES) systems to advanced nuclear power plants (A-NPPs) in order to enable flexible and hybrid plant operation.
| Multilevel Analysis, Design, and Modeling of Coupling Advanced Nuclear Reactors and Thermal Energy Storage in an IES |
| https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1875124 | 2022 | (June 2022) This report provides an overview of the Phenomena Identification and Ranking Table (PIRT) analysis of thermal energy storage (TES) systems for possible integration with various types of advanced nuclear power plants (NPPs).
| Phenomenon identification and ranking table analysis for thermal energy storage technologies integration with advanced nuclear reactors |
| https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1894898 | 2022 | (September 2022): This study presents a coal utilization option in which coal combustion is replaced with a carbon-free nuclear power plant and the coal is upgraded to valuable products for a variety of markets.
| Design for Carbon Conversion Product Pathways with Nuclear Power Plant Integration |
| Development of Energy Storage: Cost Models | 2021 | (March 2021) Energy storage technologies offer a promising solution to electric grid stability issues associated with the integration of variable renewable generators. The capability to match the electrical power output to instantaneous fluctuations in grid demand is crucial to ensure continuity of service.
| Development of Energy Storage: Cost Models |
| Thermal Energy Storage Model Development | 2021 | (July 2021) This publication details newly created energy storage models developed within the Hybrid Modelica repository as part of the Integrated Energy System (IES) initiative at Idaho National Laboratory (INL). Model development has led to the creation of dynamic systems level models of concrete, latent heat, and packed bed thermocline technologies for deployment in the IES based Hybrid repository.
| Thermal Energy Storage Model Development within the Integrated Energy Systems Hybrid Repository |
| Characterizing US Wholesale Electricity Markets | 2021 | (January 2021) The purpose of this report is to provide analysts seeking to conduct technoeconomic analysis studies (TEA) on energy systems in US Wholesale electricity markets with a starting point. This document provides an overview of the primary markets related to electricity generation, namely capacity markets and ancillary services markets. The report provides a summary of each of these then provides details on these markets in the context of the seven wholesale electricity markets in the US. The document also summarizes key documents, web resources, and textbooks that will provide useful data and economic understanding for the analyst conducting the TEA studies.
| Characterizing US Wholesale Electricity Markets |
| Development of the IES Plug-and-Play Framework | 2021 | (March 2021) The status of the “plug-and-play” model development for IES design and analysis, including the deployment of methods, software infrastructures, guidelines, and a workflow for the construction and usage of models.
| Development of the IES Plug-and-Play Framework |
| Coupling of CTF and TRANSFORM Using the Functional Mock-Up Initerface | 2021 | (November 2021) An in-memory coupling between the sub-channel thermal hydraulics code COBRA-TF (CTF), which is included in the Virtual Environment for Reactor Applications (VERA), and the systems code Transient Simulation Framework of Reconfigurable Models (TRANSFORM) was developed in this work.
| Coupling of CTF and TRANSFORM Using the Functional Mock-Up Initerface |
| Validation and Demonstration of Control System Functional Capabilities within the IES Plug-and-Play Simulation Environment | 2021 | (November 2021) The RAVEN-based HYBRID framework is used to find the optimal installed capacity and the optimal economical dispatch of each component of the IES.
| Validation and Demonstration of Control System Functional Capabilities within the IES Plug-and-Play Simulation Environment |
| Survey of Advanced Generation IV Reactor Parameters for Integrated Energy System Modeling Capabilities | 2021 | (November 2021) This paper is to categorize and characterize advanced Generation IV nuclear reactors that are not water based according to the key parameters for the Integrated Energy Systems (IES) project.
| Survey of Advanced Generation IV Reactor Parameters for Integrated Energy System Modeling Capabilities |
| Development of Electro-chemical Battery Model for Plug-and-Play Eco-system Library | 2021 | (November 2021) This report describes a dynamic model that has been developed for an electrochemical battery. The lithium-ion (Li-ion) cell was selected as representative technology.
| Development of Electro-chemical Battery Model for Plug-and-Play Eco-system Library |
| Integration of Dynamical System Scaling to RAVEN and Facility Application | 2021 | (November 2021) The research to implement dynamical system scaling (DSS) code to RAVEN is funded under the Integrated Energy System program in collaboration with the Digital Reactor Technology & Development department. The DSS data processing algorithm has been coded within the RAVEN framework along with other metrics and postprocessing models.
| Integration of Dynamical System Scaling to RAVEN and Facility Application |
| Case Study: Hybrid Carbon Conversion Using Low-Carbon Energy Sources in Coal-Producing States | 2021 | (November 2021) The purpose of this project is to develop a hybrid energy system utilizing both a coal power plant and advanced reactor, which is competitive with natural gas by improving on profitability and decreasing carbon emissions.
| Case Study: Hybrid Carbon Conversion Using Low-Carbon Energy Sources in Coal-Producing States |
| Integrated Energy Systems White Paper | 2021 | (November 2021) This analysis compares how the existing critical infrastructure continues to be vulnerable and with smart grid technologies being implemented exposes IES, power systems, the grid, and renewable energy in new ways. Continued work in cybersecurity will thwart efforts against adversaries having an opportunity to penetrate these systems.
| Integrated Energy Systems White Paper |
| Status Report on IES Plug-and-Play Framework | 2021 | (November 2021) This report discusses the Functional Mock-Up Interface /Functional Mock-Up Unit (FMU) adaptors that have been created within the HYBRID repository to allow users to quickly export models as FMUs.
| Status Report on IES Plug-and-Play Framework |
| Development of Control System Functional Capabilities within the IES Plug-and-Play Simulation Environment | 2020 | (September 2020) The concept of an Integrated Energy System (IES) is meant to combine different energy technologies in synergistic ways to achieve a more secure and economical energy supply. The RAVEN-based HYBRID framework is used to find the optimal installed capacity and the optimal economical dispatch of each component of the IES. A new RAVEN (Risk Analysis Virtual ENvironment) plugin for grid and capacity optimization (HERON) has been developed for optimizing the production variables of the IES given the demand profile.
| Development of Control System Functional Capabilities within the IES Plug-and-Play Simulation Environment |
| Integrated Energy Systems Gap Analysis | 2020 | (October 2020) This analysis compares how the existing critical infrastructure continues to be vulnerable and with smart grid technologies being implemented exposes IES, power systems, the grid, and renewable energy in new ways. Continued work in cybersecurity will thwart efforts against adversaries having an cybersecurity will thwart efforts against adversaries having an opportunity to penetrate these systems.
| Integrated Energy Systems Gap Analysis |
| Coupling of CTF and TRANSFORM using the Functional Mockup Interface | 2020 | (December 2020) An in-memory coupling between the sub-channel thermal hydraulics code COBRA-TF (CTF), which is included in the Virtual Environment for Reactor Applications (VERA), and the systems code Transient Simulation Framework of Reconfigurable Models (TRANSFORM) was developed in this work.
| Coupling of CTF and TRANSFORM using the Functional Mockup Interface |
| Status Report on IES Plug-and-Play Framework | 2020 | (November 2020) This report discusses the status of the flexible plug-and-play framework development currently ongoing that aims to integrate Modelica/Dymola with the Risk Analysis and Virtual ENviroment (RAVEN) software in terms of both Functional Mock-Up Interface (FMI)/Functional Mock-Up Unit (FMU) construction and repository structures that aim to ease the sharing and simulation of complex dynamic models.
| Status Report on IES Plug-and-Play Framework |
| Overview of cyber security requirements for IES | 2020 | (October 2020) This analysis compares how the existing critical infrastructure continues to be vulnerable and with smart grid technologies being implemented exposes IES, power systems, the grid, and renewable energy in new ways. Continued work in cybersecurity will thwart efforts against adversaries having an opportunity to penetrate these systems.
| Integrated Energy Systems White Paper |
| Development of a Reference Governor-based Control Scheme for Integrated Energy Systems | 2019 | (July 2019) The concept of an Integrated Energy System (IES) is meant to combine different energy technologies in synergistic ways to achieve a more secure and economical energy supply. The RAVEN-based HYBRID framework is used to find the optimal installed capacity and the optimal economical dispatch of each component of the IES.
| Development of a Reference Governor-based Control Scheme for Integrated Energy Systems |
| Evaluation of Hydrogen Production Feasibility for a Light Water Reactor in the Midwest | 2019 | (September 2019) Increased electricity production from renewable energy resources coupled with low natural gas prices has caused existing light-water reactor (LWRs) to experience ever diminishing returns from the electricity market. Via partnership among Idaho National Laboratory (INL), The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Exelon, and Fuel Cell Energy a techno-economic analysis on the viability of retrofitting existing pressurized water reactors (PWRs) to produce hydrogen (H2) via high temperature steam electrolysis (HTSE) has been conducted.
| Evaluation of Hydrogen Production Feasibility for a Light Water Reactor in the Midwest |
| Economic Assessment of Nuclear Hybrid Energy Systems: Nuclear-Renewable-Water Integration in Arizona | 2019 | (June 2019) One of the goals of the Nuclear-Renewable Hybrid Energy Systems (N-R HES) modeling and simulation (M&S) project is to assess the economic viability of N-R HES in a market that contains Variable Renewable Energy (VRE) sources like solar.
| Economic Assessment of Nuclear Hybrid Energy Systems: Nuclear-Renewable-Water Integration in Arizona |
| Case Study: Integrate Nuclear Water Desalination--Regional Potable Water in Arizona | 2019 | (September 2019) The present study analyzes the economic viability of an Integrated Energy System (IES) that couples a Reverse Osmosis (RO) water desalination facility with a Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). The case study is conducted in collaboration with Arizona Public Service (APS), the operating owner of the Palo Verde Generating Station (PVGS) NPP.
| Case Study: Integrate Nuclear Water Desalination--Regional Potable Water in Arizona |
| Evaluation of Hydrogen Production Feasibility for a Light Water Reactor in the Midwest | 2019 | (September 2019) Increased electricity production from renewable energy resources coupled with low natural gas prices has caused existing light-water reactor (LWRs) to experience ever diminishing returns from the electricity market. Via partnership among Idaho National Laboratory (INL), The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Exelon, and Fuel Cell Energy a techno-economic analysis on the viability of retrofitting existing pressurized water reactors (PWRs) to produce hydrogen (H2) via high temperature steam electrolysis (HTSE) has been conducted.
| Evaluation of Hydrogen Production Feasibility for a Light Water Reactor in the Midwest |
| Ranking Thermal Energy Storage Technologies for Integration with Light Water Reactors | 2019 | (November 2019) This report provides an in-depth analysis of current thermal storage technologies in the marketplace as of 2019 and develops a phenomenological identification ranking table (PIRT) and Figure of Merit (FOM) study for near-term thermal energy storage technologies with light water reactor technology.
| Ranking Thermal Energy Storage Technologies for Integration with Light Water Reactors |
| Assessment of Model-Based Schemes for Accelerating Optimization by RAVEN | 2018 | (August 2018) Nuclear-Renewable Hybrid Energy Systems (N-R HES) combine different energy technologies in a synergistic way with the objective of achieving a more economical energy production. In this report the particular hybrid system dealt with includes a PWR nuclear reactor, the associated Rankine-based energy conversion cycle (Balance of Plant, BOP), an Industrial Process (IP) for hydrogen production, a gas turbine (Second Energy Source, SES), and a battery (Energy Storage, ES).
| Assessment of Model-Based Schemes for Accelerating Optimization by RAVEN |
| Case Study: Nuclear-Renewable-Water Integration in Arizona | 2018 | (September 2018) This document reports the application of the N-R HES software framework to a case study for Arizona Public Service (APS); the manager and part owner of the Palo Verde (PV) nuclear power plant. The case study is a work in progress of which this report presents a detailed description of the current model input data, assumptions and the corresponding results produced by the developed software framework.
| Case Study: Nuclear-Renewable-Water Integration in Arizona |
