| Development of Energy Storage: Cost Models | 2021 | Energy storage technologies offer a promising solution to electric grid stability issues associated with the integration of variable renewable generators. The capability to match the electrical power output to instantaneous fluctuations in grid demand is crucial to ensure continuity of service.
| Development of Energy Storage: Cost Models |
| Thermal Energy Storage Model Development | 2021 | This publication details newly created energy storage models developed within the Hybrid Modelica repository as part of the Integrated Energy System (IES) initiative at Idaho National Laboratory (INL). Model development has led to the creation of dynamic systems level models of concrete, latent heat, and packed bed thermocline technologies for deployment in the IES based Hybrid repository.
| Thermal Energy Storage Model Development within the Integrated Energy Systems Hybrid Repository |
| US Market Structure Review | 2021 | The purpose of this report is to provide analysts seeking to conduct technoeconomic analysis studies (TEA) on energy systems in US Wholesale electricity markets with a starting point. This document provides an overview of the primary markets related to electricity generation, namely capacity markets and ancillary services markets. The report provides a summary of each of these then provides details on these markets in the context of the seven wholesale electricity markets in the US. The document also summarizes key documents, web resources, and textbooks that will provide useful data and economic understanding for the analyst conducting the TEA studies.
| Characterizing US Wholesale Electricity Markets |
| Development of Control System Functional Capabilities within the IES Plug-and-Play Simulation Environment | 2020 | The concept of an Integrated Energy System (IES) is meant to combine different energy technologies in synergistic ways to achieve a more secure and economical energy supply. The RAVEN-based HYBRID framework is used to find the optimal installed capacity and the optimal economical dispatch of each component of the IES. A new RAVEN (Risk Analysis Virtual ENvironment) plugin for grid and capacity optimization (HERON) has been developed for optimizing the production variables of the IES given the demand profile.
| Development of Control System Functional Capabilities within the IES Plug-and-Play Simulation Environment |
| Integrated Energy Systems Gap Analysis | 2020 | This analysis compares how the existing critical infrastructure continues to be vulnerable and with smart grid technologies being implemented exposes IES, power systems, the grid, and renewable energy in new ways. Continued work in cybersecurity will thwart efforts against adversaries having an cybersecurity will thwart efforts against adversaries having an opportunity to penetrate these systems.
| Integrated Energy Systems Gap Analysis |
| Coupling of CTF and TRANSFORM using the Functional Mockup Interface | 2020 | An in-memory coupling between the sub-channel thermal hydraulics code COBRA-TF (CTF), which is included in the Virtual Environment for Reactor Applications (VERA), and the systems code Transient Simulation Framework of Reconfigurable Models (TRANSFORM) was developed in this work.
| Coupling of CTF and TRANSFORM using the Functional Mockup Interface |
| Status Report on IES Plug-and-Play Framework | 2020 | This report discusses the status of the flexible plug-and-play framework development currently ongoing that aims to integrate Modelica/Dymola with the Risk Analysis and Virtual ENviroment (RAVEN) software in terms of both Functional Mock-Up Interface (FMI)/Functional Mock-Up Unit (FMU) construction and repository structures that aim to ease the sharing and simulation of complex dynamic models.
| Status Report on IES Plug-and-Play Framework |
| Overview of cyber security requirements for IES | 2020 | This analysis compares how the existing critical infrastructure continues to be vulnerable and with smart grid technologies being implemented exposes IES, power systems, the grid, and renewable energy in new ways. Continued work in cybersecurity will thwart efforts against adversaries having an opportunity to penetrate these systems.
| Integrated Energy Systems White Paper |
| Development of a Reference Governor-based Control Scheme for Integrated Energy Systems | 2019 | The concept of an Integrated Energy System (IES) is meant to combine different energy technologies in synergistic ways to achieve a more secure and economical energy supply. The RAVEN-based HYBRID framework is used to find the optimal installed capacity and the optimal economical dispatch of each component of the IES.
| Development of a Reference Governor-based Control Scheme for Integrated Energy Systems |
| Evaluation of Hydrogen Production Feasibility for a Light Water Reactor in the Midwest | 2019 | Increased electricity production from renewable energy resources coupled with low natural gas prices has caused existing light-water reactor (LWRs) to experience ever diminishing returns from the electricity market. Via partnership among Idaho National Laboratory (INL), The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Exelon, and Fuel Cell Energy a techno-economic analysis on the viability of retrofitting existing pressurized water reactors (PWRs) to produce hydrogen (H2) via high temperature steam electrolysis (HTSE) has been conducted.
| Evaluation of Hydrogen Production Feasibility for a Light Water Reactor in the Midwest |
| Economic Assessment of Nuclear Hybrid Energy Systems: Nuclear-Renewable-Water Integration in Arizona | 2019 | One of the goals of the Nuclear-Renewable Hybrid Energy Systems (N-R HES) modeling and simulation (M&S) project is to assess the economic viability of N-R HES in a market that contains Variable Renewable Energy (VRE) sources like solar.
| Economic Assessment of Nuclear Hybrid Energy Systems: Nuclear-Renewable-Water Integration in Arizona |
| Case Study: Integrate Nuclear Water Desalination--Regional Potable Water in Arizona | 2019 | The present study analyzes the economic viability of an Integrated Energy System (IES) that couples a Reverse Osmosis (RO) water desalination facility with a Nuclear Power Plant (NPP). The case study is conducted in collaboration with Arizona Public Service (APS), the operating owner of the Palo Verde Generating Station (PVGS) NPP.
| Case Study: Integrate Nuclear Water Desalination--Regional Potable Water in Arizona |
| Evaluation of Hydrogen Production Feasibility for a Light Water Reactor in the Midwest | 2019 | Increased electricity production from renewable energy resources coupled with low natural gas prices has caused existing light-water reactor (LWRs) to experience ever diminishing returns from the electricity market. Via partnership among Idaho National Laboratory (INL), The National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Exelon, and Fuel Cell Energy a techno-economic analysis on the viability of retrofitting existing pressurized water reactors (PWRs) to produce hydrogen (H2) via high temperature steam electrolysis (HTSE) has been conducted.
| Evaluation of Hydrogen Production Feasibility for a Light Water Reactor in the Midwest |
| Ranking Thermal Energy Storage Technologies for Integration with Light Water Reactors | 2019 | This report provides an in-depth analysis of current thermal storage technologies in the marketplace as of 2019 and develops a phenomenological identification ranking table (PIRT) and Figure of Merit (FOM) study for near-term thermal energy storage technologies with light water reactor technology.
| Ranking Thermal Energy Storage Technologies for Integration with Light Water Reactors |
| Assessment of Model-Based Schemes for Accelerating Optimization by RAVEN | 2018 | Nuclear-Renewable Hybrid Energy Systems (N-R HES) combine different energy technologies in a synergistic way with the objective of achieving a more economical energy production. In this report the particular hybrid system dealt with includes a PWR nuclear reactor, the associated Rankine-based energy conversion cycle (Balance of Plant, BOP), an Industrial Process (IP) for hydrogen production, a gas turbine (Second Energy Source, SES), and a battery (Energy Storage, ES).
| Assessment of Model-Based Schemes for Accelerating Optimization by RAVEN |
| Case Study: Nuclear-Renewable-Water Integration in Arizona | 2018 | This document reports the application of the N-R HES software framework to a case study for Arizona Public Service (APS); the manager and part owner of the Palo Verde (PV) nuclear power plant. The case study is a work in progress of which this report presents a detailed description of the current model input data, assumptions and the corresponding results produced by the developed software framework.
| Case Study: Nuclear-Renewable-Water Integration in Arizona |
| Characterization of Flexible-Operation Performance of N-R HES Components in Support of a Model-Based Pre-Conditioner | 2018 | The concept of Nuclear-Renewable Hybrid Energy Systems (N-R HES) is meant to combine different energy technologies in synergistic ways to achieve a more secure and economical energy supply. The N-R HES unit is constituted by a small-sized pressurized water reactor coupled with a Rankine energy conversion cycle, a gas-fired turbine, an energy storage component, and a hydrogen production plant.
| Characterization of Flexible-Operation Performance of N-R HES Components in Support of a Model-Based Pre-Conditioner |
| Nuclear Hybrid Energy Systems South East Regional Case Progress Report | 2018 | This report discusses ongoing work to develop and evolve the modeling framework for evaluating nuclear hybrid energy systems (NHES) from a dynamic performance and cost perspective. A high-level multi-tiered steam header/turbine step-down system used in many chemical plants is coupled with a multi-modular nuclear reactor facility, representative of potential NHES deployment scenarios in the south eastern United States, to begin to demonstrate the feasibility of these hybrid systems in the market.
| Nuclear Hybrid Energy Systems South East Regional Case Progress Report |
| Report on the Economic Optimization of a Demonstration Case for a Static N-R HES Configuration using RAVEN | 2017 | The synthetic time history generation algorithm in RAVEN has been extensively tested and used to perform qualitative assessments of the statistical characteristics of the net demand vs. demand for different values of the penetration of wind generation.
| Report on the Economic Optimization of a Demonstration Case for a Static N-R HES Configuration using RAVEN |
| Status on the Development of a Modeling and Simulation Framework for the Economic Assessment of Nuclear Hybrid Energy Systems (FY16) | 2017 | Continued effort to design and build a modeling and simulation framework to assess the economic viability of Nuclear Hybrid Energy Systems (NHES) was undertaken in fiscal year (FY) 2016. The purpose of this report is to document the various tasks associated with the development of such a framework and to provide a status of their progress.
| Status on the Development of a Modeling and Simulation Framework for the Economic Assessment of Nuclear Hybrid Energy Systems (FY16) |
| Status Report on the High-Temperature Steam Electrolysis Plant Model Developed in the Modelica Framework (FY17) | 2017 | This report has been prepared as part of an effort to design and build a modeling and simulation (M&S) framework to assess the economic viability of a nuclear-renewable hybrid energy system (N-R HES). In order to facilitate dynamic M&S of such an integrated system, research groups in multiple national laboratories have been developing various subsystems as dynamic physics-based components using the Modelica programming language.
| Status Report on the High-Temperature Steam Electrolysis Plant Model Developed in the Modelica Framework (FY17) |
| Status Report on Modelling and Simulation Capabilities for Nuclear-Renewable Hybrid Energy Systems | 2017 | This report summarizes the current status of the modeling and simulation capabilities developed for the economic assessment of Nuclear-Renewable Hybrid Energy Systems (N-R HES). The increasing penetration of variable renewables is altering the profile of the net demand, with which the other generators on the grid have to cope.
| Status Report on Modelling and Simulation Capabilities for Nuclear-Renewable Hybrid Energy Systems |
| Nuclear Hybrid Energy Systems Initial Integrated Case Study Development and Analysis | 2017 | The US Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy established the Nuclear Hybrid Energy System (NHES) project to develop a systematic, rigorous, technically accurate set of methods to model, analyze, and optimize the integration of dispatchable nuclear, fossil, and electric storage with an industrial customer.
| Nuclear Hybrid Energy Systems Initial Integrated Case Study Development and Analysis |
| Nuclear Hybrid Energy System Model Stability Testing | 2017 | A Nuclear Hybrid Energy System (NHES) uses a nuclear reactor as the basic power generation unit, and the power generated is used by multiple customers as combinations of thermal power or electrical power. The definition and architecture of a particular NHES can be adapted based on the needs and opportunities of different localities and markets.
| Nuclear Hybrid Energy System Model Stability Testing |
| Software Development Infrastructure for the HYBRID Modeling and Simulation Project | 2016 | One of the goals of the HYBRID modeling and simulation project is to assess the economic viability of hybrid systems in a market that contains renewable energy sources like wind. The idea is that it is possible for the nuclear plant to sell non-electric energy cushions, which absorb (at least partially) the volatility introduced by the renewable energy sources.
| Software Development Infrastructure for the HYBRID Modeling and Simulation Project |
| Status on the Component Models Developed in the Modelica Framework: High-Temperature Steam Electrolysis Plant & Gas Turbine Power Plant | 2016 | This report has been prepared as part of an effort to design and build a modeling and simulation (M&S) framework to assess the economic viability of a nuclear-renewable hybrid energy system (N-R HES). In order to facilitate dynamic M&S of such an integrated system, research groups in multiple national laboratories have been developing various subsystems as dynamic physics-based components using the Modelica programming language.
| Status on the Component Models Developed in the Modelica Framework: High-Temperature Steam Electrolysis Plant & Gas Turbine Power Plant |
| Nuclear Hybrid Energy System FY16 Modeling Efforts at ORNL | 2016 | A nuclear hybrid system uses a nuclear reactor as the basic power generation unit. The power generated by the nuclear reactor is utilized by one or more power customers as either thermal power, electrical power, or both. In general, a nuclear hybrid system will couple the nuclear reactor to at least one thermal power user in addition to the power conversion system.
| Nuclear Hybrid Energy System FY16 Modeling Efforts at ORNL |
